Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria Mikobakteriumtuberculosis (and sometimes by M. bovis and africanum). These organisms there is also a mention as the acid-fast bacilli. Transmission occurs through the air of "droplet" infection.
Source of infection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis found in cough sputum, which on examination of sputum smear positive sputum smear is commonly found. Cough will produce droplet infection (droplet nuclei). At once coughs, droplets expelled 3000. Transmission usually occurs in the room with less ventilation. Sunlight can kill germs quickly, being in a dark room germs can live. Risk of transmission of infection will lebihtinggi on BTA (+) than smear (-).
Tuberculosis is a chronic disease, a person can even lifetime hidup.Setelah infected tuberculosis germs, nearly 90% of patients are not clinically sick, just got a positive tuberculin test, 10% will be sick. Patients who are ill, if without treatment, after 5 years, 50% of patients will die of pulmonary tuberculosis, 25% healthy with a good defense and 25% become chronic and infectious.
Clinical symptoms of tuberculosis is divided into 2 parts:
- Respiratory Symptoms:
Cough: a symptom of the earliest and most frequent complaint. Arise because of bronchial cough is involved. Cough lasting ≥ 3 weeks to think about the existence of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Coughing up blood: the blood that can be removed stripes, spots, or even in large quantities. Coughing up blood may also occur in bronchiectasis and lung tumors.
Shortness of breath: met if the disease is advanced and ample lung terdapatkerusakan.
Chest pain: occurs if subpleural lung parenchyma is involved.
- Systemic symptoms:
Fever: is the most common symptom, usually occur in the afternoon and evening.
Systemic symptoms such as night sweats, anorexia, malaise, weight loss and decreased appetite.
Source of infection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis found in cough sputum, which on examination of sputum smear positive sputum smear is commonly found. Cough will produce droplet infection (droplet nuclei). At once coughs, droplets expelled 3000. Transmission usually occurs in the room with less ventilation. Sunlight can kill germs quickly, being in a dark room germs can live. Risk of transmission of infection will lebihtinggi on BTA (+) than smear (-).
Tuberculosis is a chronic disease, a person can even lifetime hidup.Setelah infected tuberculosis germs, nearly 90% of patients are not clinically sick, just got a positive tuberculin test, 10% will be sick. Patients who are ill, if without treatment, after 5 years, 50% of patients will die of pulmonary tuberculosis, 25% healthy with a good defense and 25% become chronic and infectious.
Clinical symptoms of tuberculosis is divided into 2 parts:
- Respiratory Symptoms:
Cough: a symptom of the earliest and most frequent complaint. Arise because of bronchial cough is involved. Cough lasting ≥ 3 weeks to think about the existence of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Coughing up blood: the blood that can be removed stripes, spots, or even in large quantities. Coughing up blood may also occur in bronchiectasis and lung tumors.
Shortness of breath: met if the disease is advanced and ample lung terdapatkerusakan.
Chest pain: occurs if subpleural lung parenchyma is involved.
- Systemic symptoms:
Fever: is the most common symptom, usually occur in the afternoon and evening.
Systemic symptoms such as night sweats, anorexia, malaise, weight loss and decreased appetite.
